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MySQL 多表關(guān)聯(lián)一對(duì)多查詢實(shí)現(xiàn)取最新一條數(shù)據(jù)的方法示例

本文實(shí)例講述了MySQL 多表關(guān)聯(lián)一對(duì)多查詢實(shí)現(xiàn)取最新一條數(shù)據(jù)的方法。分享給大家供大家參考，具體如下：

MySQL 多表關(guān)聯(lián)一對(duì)多查詢?nèi)∽钚碌囊粭l數(shù)據(jù)

遇到的問(wèn)題

多表關(guān)聯(lián)一對(duì)多查詢?nèi)∽钚碌囊粭l數(shù)據(jù)，數(shù)據(jù)出現(xiàn)重復(fù)

由于歷史原因，表結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)不合理；產(chǎn)品告訴我說(shuō)需要導(dǎo)出客戶信息數(shù)據(jù)，需要導(dǎo)出客戶的 所屬行業(yè)，納稅性質(zhì) 數(shù)據(jù)；但是這兩個(gè)字段卻在訂單表里面，每次客戶下單都會(huì)要求客戶填寫(xiě)；由此可知，客戶數(shù)據(jù)和訂單數(shù)據(jù)是一對(duì)多的關(guān)系；那這樣的話，問(wèn)題就來(lái)了，我到底以訂單中的哪一條數(shù)據(jù)為準(zhǔn)呢？經(jīng)過(guò)協(xié)商后一致同意以最新的一條數(shù)據(jù)為準(zhǔn)；

數(shù)據(jù)測(cè)試初始化SQL腳本

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `customer`;
CREATE TABLE `customer` (
	`id` BIGINT NOT NULL COMMENT '客戶ID',
	`real_name` VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL COMMENT '客戶名字',
	`create_time` DATETIME NOT NULL COMMENT '創(chuàng)建時(shí)間',
	PRIMARY KEY(`id`)
)ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET = UTF8 COMMENT '客戶信息表';

-- DATA FOR TABLE customer
INSERT INTO `demo`.`customer` (`id`, `real_name`, `create_time`) VALUES ('7717194510959685632', '張三', '2019-01-23 16:23:05');
INSERT INTO `demo`.`customer` (`id`, `real_name`, `create_time`) VALUES ('7718605481599623168', '李四', '2019-01-23 16:23:05');
INSERT INTO `demo`.`customer` (`id`, `real_name`, `create_time`) VALUES ('7720804666226278400', '王五', '2019-01-23 16:23:05');
INSERT INTO `demo`.`customer` (`id`, `real_name`, `create_time`) VALUES ('7720882041353961472', '劉六', '2019-01-23 16:23:05');
INSERT INTO `demo`.`customer` (`id`, `real_name`, `create_time`) VALUES ('7722233303626055680', '寶寶', '2019-01-23 16:23:05');
INSERT INTO `demo`.`customer` (`id`, `real_name`, `create_time`) VALUES ('7722233895811448832', '小寶', '2019-01-23 16:23:05');
INSERT INTO `demo`.`customer` (`id`, `real_name`, `create_time`) VALUES ('7722234507982700544', '大寶', '2019-01-23 16:23:05');
INSERT INTO `demo`.`customer` (`id`, `real_name`, `create_time`) VALUES ('7722234927631204352', '二寶', '2019-01-23 16:23:05');
INSERT INTO `demo`.`customer` (`id`, `real_name`, `create_time`) VALUES ('7722235550724423680', '小賤', '2019-01-23 16:23:05');
INSERT INTO `demo`.`customer` (`id`, `real_name`, `create_time`) VALUES ('7722235921488314368', '小明', '2019-01-23 16:23:05');
INSERT INTO `demo`.`customer` (`id`, `real_name`, `create_time`) VALUES ('7722238233975881728', '小黑', '2019-01-23 16:23:05');
INSERT INTO `demo`.`customer` (`id`, `real_name`, `create_time`) VALUES ('7722246644138409984', '小紅', '2019-01-23 16:23:05');
INSERT INTO `demo`.`customer` (`id`, `real_name`, `create_time`) VALUES ('7722318634321346560', '阿狗', '2019-01-23 16:23:05');
INSERT INTO `demo`.`customer` (`id`, `real_name`, `create_time`) VALUES ('7722318674321346586', '阿嬌', '2019-01-23 16:23:05');
INSERT INTO `demo`.`customer` (`id`, `real_name`, `create_time`) VALUES ('7722318974421546780', '阿貓', '2019-01-23 16:23:05');


DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `order_info`;
CREATE TABLE `order_info` (
	`id` BIGINT NOT NULL COMMENT '訂單ID',
	`industry` VARCHAR(255) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '所屬行業(yè)',
 `nature_tax` VARCHAR(255) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '納稅性質(zhì)',
	`customer_id` VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL COMMENT '客戶ID',
	`create_time` DATETIME NOT NULL COMMENT '創(chuàng)建時(shí)間',
	PRIMARY KEY(`id`)
)ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET = UTF8 COMMENT '訂單信息表';

-- DATA FOR TABLE order_info
INSERT INTO `demo`.`order_info` (`id`, `industry`, `nature_tax`, `customer_id`, `create_time`) VALUES ('7700163609453207552', '餐飲酒店類', '小規(guī)模', '7717194510959685632', '2019-01-23 16:54:25');
INSERT INTO `demo`.`order_info` (`id`, `industry`, `nature_tax`, `customer_id`, `create_time`) VALUES ('7700163609453207553', '餐飲酒店類', '小規(guī)模', '7717194510959685632', '2019-01-23 17:09:53');
INSERT INTO `demo`.`order_info` (`id`, `industry`, `nature_tax`, `customer_id`, `create_time`) VALUES ('7700167995646615552', '高新技術(shù)', '一般納稅人', '7718605481599623168', '2019-01-23 16:54:25');
INSERT INTO `demo`.`order_info` (`id`, `industry`, `nature_tax`, `customer_id`, `create_time`) VALUES ('7700167995646615553', '商貿(mào)', '一般納稅人', '7718605481599623168', '2019-01-23 17:09:53');
INSERT INTO `demo`.`order_info` (`id`, `industry`, `nature_tax`, `customer_id`, `create_time`) VALUES ('7700193633216569344', '商貿(mào)', '一般納稅人', '7720804666226278400', '2019-01-23 16:54:25');
INSERT INTO `demo`.`order_info` (`id`, `industry`, `nature_tax`, `customer_id`, `create_time`) VALUES ('7700193633216569345', '高新技術(shù)', '一般納稅人', '7720804666226278400', '2019-01-23 17:09:53');
INSERT INTO `demo`.`order_info` (`id`, `industry`, `nature_tax`, `customer_id`, `create_time`) VALUES ('7700197875671179264', '餐飲酒店類', '一般納稅人', '7720882041353961472', '2019-01-23 16:54:25');
INSERT INTO `demo`.`order_info` (`id`, `industry`, `nature_tax`, `customer_id`, `create_time`) VALUES ('7700197875671179266', '餐飲酒店類', '一般納稅人', '7720882041353961472', '2019-01-23 17:09:53');
INSERT INTO `demo`.`order_info` (`id`, `industry`, `nature_tax`, `customer_id`, `create_time`) VALUES ('7703053372673171456', '高新技術(shù)', '小規(guī)模', '7722233303626055680', '2019-01-23 16:54:25');
INSERT INTO `demo`.`order_info` (`id`, `industry`, `nature_tax`, `customer_id`, `create_time`) VALUES ('7703053372673171457', '高新技術(shù)', '小規(guī)模', '7722233303626055680', '2019-01-23 17:09:53');
INSERT INTO `demo`.`order_info` (`id`, `industry`, `nature_tax`, `customer_id`, `create_time`) VALUES ('7709742385262698496', '服務(wù)類', '一般納稅人', '7722233895811448832', '2019-01-23 16:54:25');
INSERT INTO `demo`.`order_info` (`id`, `industry`, `nature_tax`, `customer_id`, `create_time`) VALUES ('7709742385262698498', '服務(wù)類', '一般納稅人', '7722233895811448832', '2019-01-23 17:09:53');
INSERT INTO `demo`.`order_info` (`id`, `industry`, `nature_tax`, `customer_id`, `create_time`) VALUES ('7709745055683780608', '高新技術(shù)', '小規(guī)模', '7722234507982700544', '2019-01-23 16:54:25');
INSERT INTO `demo`.`order_info` (`id`, `industry`, `nature_tax`, `customer_id`, `create_time`) VALUES ('7709745055683780609', '進(jìn)出口', '小規(guī)模', '7722234507982700544', '2019-01-23 17:09:53');
INSERT INTO `demo`.`order_info` (`id`, `industry`, `nature_tax`, `customer_id`, `create_time`) VALUES ('7709745249439653888', '文化體育', '一般納稅人', '7722234927631204352', '2019-01-24 16:54:25');
INSERT INTO `demo`.`order_info` (`id`, `industry`, `nature_tax`, `customer_id`, `create_time`) VALUES ('7709745249439653889', '高新技術(shù)', '一般納稅人', '7722234927631204352', '2019-01-23 17:09:53');
INSERT INTO `demo`.`order_info` (`id`, `industry`, `nature_tax`, `customer_id`, `create_time`) VALUES ('7709745453266051072', '高新技術(shù)', '小規(guī)模', '7722235550724423680', '2019-01-24 16:54:25');
INSERT INTO `demo`.`order_info` (`id`, `industry`, `nature_tax`, `customer_id`, `create_time`) VALUES ('7709745453266051073', '文化體育', '小規(guī)模', '7722235550724423680', '2019-01-23 17:09:53');
INSERT INTO `demo`.`order_info` (`id`, `industry`, `nature_tax`, `customer_id`, `create_time`) VALUES ('7709745539848413184', '科技', '一般納稅人', '7722235921488314368', '2019-01-24 16:54:25');
INSERT INTO `demo`.`order_info` (`id`, `industry`, `nature_tax`, `customer_id`, `create_time`) VALUES ('7709745539848413185', '高新技術(shù)', '一般納稅人', '7722235921488314368', '2019-01-23 17:09:53');
INSERT INTO `demo`.`order_info` (`id`, `industry`, `nature_tax`, `customer_id`, `create_time`) VALUES ('7709745652603887616', '高新技術(shù)', '一般納稅人', '7722238233975881728', '2019-01-24 16:54:25');
INSERT INTO `demo`.`order_info` (`id`, `industry`, `nature_tax`, `customer_id`, `create_time`) VALUES ('7709745652603887617', '科技', '一般納稅人', '7722238233975881728', '2019-01-23 17:09:53');
INSERT INTO `demo`.`order_info` (`id`, `industry`, `nature_tax`, `customer_id`, `create_time`) VALUES ('7709745755528568832', '進(jìn)出口', '一般納稅人', '7722246644138409984', '2019-01-24 16:54:25');
INSERT INTO `demo`.`order_info` (`id`, `industry`, `nature_tax`, `customer_id`, `create_time`) VALUES ('7709745755528568833', '教育咨詢', '小規(guī)模', '7722246644138409984', '2019-01-23 17:09:53');
INSERT INTO `demo`.`order_info` (`id`, `industry`, `nature_tax`, `customer_id`, `create_time`) VALUES ('7709745892539047936', '教育咨詢', '一般納稅人', '7722318634321346560', '2019-01-24 16:54:25');
INSERT INTO `demo`.`order_info` (`id`, `industry`, `nature_tax`, `customer_id`, `create_time`) VALUES ('7709745892539047937', '進(jìn)出口', '一般納稅人', '7722318634321346560', '2019-01-23 17:09:53');
INSERT INTO `demo`.`order_info` (`id`, `industry`, `nature_tax`, `customer_id`, `create_time`) VALUES ('7709746000127139840', '生產(chǎn)類', '小規(guī)模', '7722318674321346586', '2019-01-24 16:54:25');
INSERT INTO `demo`.`order_info` (`id`, `industry`, `nature_tax`, `customer_id`, `create_time`) VALUES ('7709746000127139841', '農(nóng)業(yè)', '一般納稅人', '7722318674321346586', '2019-01-23 17:09:53');
INSERT INTO `demo`.`order_info` (`id`, `industry`, `nature_tax`, `customer_id`, `create_time`) VALUES ('7709746447445467136', '農(nóng)業(yè)', '一般納稅人', '7722318974421546780', '2019-01-24 16:54:25');
INSERT INTO `demo`.`order_info` (`id`, `industry`, `nature_tax`, `customer_id`, `create_time`) VALUES ('7709746447445467137', '生產(chǎn)類', '小規(guī)模', '7722318974421546780', '2019-01-23 17:09:53');

按需求寫(xiě)的SQL語(yǔ)句：

UPDATE order_info SET create_time = NOW();

嘗試解決問(wèn)題

SELECT
	cr.id,
	cr.real_name,
	oi.industry,
	oi.nature_tax
FROM
	customer AS cr
LEFT JOIN (
	SELECT a.industry, a.nature_tax, a.customer_id, a.create_time FROM order_info AS a
	LEFT JOIN (
		SELECT MAX(create_time) AS create_time, customer_id FROM order_info GROUP BY customer_id
	) AS b ON a.customer_id = b.customer_id
WHERE a.create_time = b.create_time
) AS oi ON oi.customer_id = cr.id
GROUP BY cr.id;

數(shù)據(jù)重復(fù)嘛，小意思，加個(gè) GROUP BY 不就解決了嗎？我怎么會(huì)這么機(jī)智，哈哈哈?。?！但是當(dāng)我執(zhí)行完SQL的那一瞬間，我又懵逼了，查詢出來(lái)的結(jié)果中 所屬行業(yè)，納稅性質(zhì) 仍然不是最新的；看來(lái)是我想太多了，還是老老實(shí)實(shí)的解決問(wèn)題吧。。。

找出重復(fù)數(shù)據(jù)

SELECT
	cr.id,
	cr.real_name,
	oi.industry,
	oi.nature_tax
FROM
	customer AS cr
LEFT JOIN (
	SELECT a.industry, a.nature_tax, a.customer_id, a.create_time FROM order_info AS a
	LEFT JOIN (
		SELECT MAX(create_time) AS create_time, customer_id FROM order_info GROUP BY customer_id
	) AS b ON a.customer_id = b.customer_id
WHERE a.create_time = b.create_time
) AS oi ON oi.customer_id = cr.id
GROUP BY cr.id HAVING COUNT(cr.id) >= 2;

執(zhí)行結(jié)果如下：

SELECT
	cr.id,
	cr.real_name,
	oi.industry,
	oi.nature_tax
FROM
	customer AS cr
LEFT JOIN (
	SELECT a.industry, a.nature_tax, a.customer_id, a.create_time FROM order_info AS a
	LEFT JOIN (
		SELECT MAX(id) AS id, customer_id FROM order_info GROUP BY customer_id
	) AS b ON a.customer_id = b.customer_id
WHERE a.id = b.id
) AS oi ON oi.customer_id = cr.id;

哎，終于解決了。。。

更多關(guān)于MySQL相關(guān)內(nèi)容感興趣的讀者可查看本站專題：《MySQL查詢技巧大全》、《MySQL事務(wù)操作技巧匯總》、《MySQL存儲(chǔ)過(guò)程技巧大全》、《MySQL數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)鎖相關(guān)技巧匯總》及《MySQL常用函數(shù)大匯總》

希望本文所述對(duì)大家MySQL數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)計(jì)有所幫助。

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