1.1.系統(tǒng)從光盤啟動(dòng)，自檢過(guò)程 - 略...
1.2.選擇安裝類型
|erase ^?, werase ^W, kill ^U, intr ^C, status ^T
|(I)nstall, (U)pgrade or (S)hell? i then RETURN>;
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其中(I)代表安裝一個(gè)全新的系統(tǒng)，(U)代表升級(jí)原有的OpenBSD舊版本的系統(tǒng)，(S)代表退出并進(jìn)入命令行狀態(tài)。
我們要安裝一個(gè)全新的OpenBSD系統(tǒng)，所以我們?cè)谶@里輸入I，并回車。（當(dāng)然你也可以按下Ctrl+C退回到命令行狀態(tài)，再次輸入install回到安裝程序，如果在安裝程序時(shí)誤操作，可以使用這種方法進(jìn)入命令行狀態(tài)然后再重新回到安裝程序開始安裝。）
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1.3.選擇終端類型
|Welcome to the OpenBSD/i386 3.6 install program.
|
|This program will help you install OpenBSD in a simple and rational way. At
|any prompt except password prompts you can run a shell command by typing
|'!foo',or escape to a shell by typing '!'. Default answers are shown in []'s
|and are selected by pressing RETURN. At any time you can exit this program by
|pressing Control-C and then RETURN, but quitting during an install can leave
|your system in an inconsistent state.
|
|Terminal Type? [vt220] RETURN>;
1.4.選擇鍵盤類型
|Do you wish to select a keyboard encoding table? [no] yes then RETURN>;
|Select your keyboard type: (P)C-AT/XT, (U)SB, or 'done' [P] RETURN>;
|The available keyboard encoding tables are:
|
| be br de dk es fr it jp lt no pt ru sf sg sv ua uk us
|
|Table name? (or 'done') [us] RETURN>;
|keyboard mapping set to us
##########################################
對(duì)于我們大部分的中國(guó)用戶而言，我們使用的都是標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的美式鍵盤，這也是OpenBSD默認(rèn)的鍵盤布局，所以我們直接按回車?yán)^續(xù)。
###############################################
1.5.磁盤劃分
|IS YOUR DATA BACKED UP? As with anything that modifies disk contents,this
|program can cause SIGNIFICANT data loss.
|
|It is often helpful to have the installation notes handy. For complex disk
|configurations, relevant disk hardware manuals and a calculator are useful.
|
|Proceed with install? [no] yes then RETURN>;
###########################
安裝程序提示是否開始安裝，我們直接輸入y，并回車
#######################################
|Cool! Let's get to it...
|
|You will now initialize the disk(s) that OpenBSD will use. To enable all
|available securty features you should configure the disk(s) to allow the
|creation of separate filesystems for /, /tmp, /var, /usr, and /home.
|
|Available disks are: wd0.
|Which one is the root disk? (or 'done') [wd0] RETURN>;
################################
在OpenBSD系統(tǒng)中對(duì)于IDE接口的硬盤的命名方式是wd0，wd1，wd2……依次類推，而SCSI接口的硬盤則是sd0，sd1，sd2……依次類推。
#############################################
|Do you want to use *all* of wd0 for OpenBSD? [no] yes then RETURN>;
#####################################
系統(tǒng)詢問(wèn)是否將檢測(cè)到的整個(gè)硬盤都給OpenBSD使用，默認(rèn)是no，但是我們?cè)谶@里是要將OpenBSD作為服務(wù)器來(lái)用，所以我們?cè)谶@里輸入yes，并回車。
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|Putting all of wd0 into an active OpenBSD MBR partition (type 'A6') ...
|wd0: no disk label
|done.
|
|You will now create an OpenBSD disklabel inside the OpenBSD MBR
|partition. The disklabel defines how OpenBSD splits up the MBR partition
|into OpenBSD partitions in which filesystems and swap space are created.
|
|The offsets used in the disklabel are ABSOLUTE, i.e. relative to the
|start of the disk, NOT the start of the OpenBSd MBR partition.
|
|# using MBR partition 3: type A6 off 63 (0x3f) size 8385687 (0x7ff54b)
|
|Treating sectors 63-8385930 as the OpenBSD portion of the disk.
|You can use the 'b' command to change this.
|Initial label editor (enter '?' for help at any prompt)
###################################
在>;提示符下輸入?將顯示幫助，命令p用來(lái)顯示顯示當(dāng)前硬盤分區(qū)的劃分情況，命令d用來(lái)刪除現(xiàn)有的分區(qū)（注意：c分區(qū)被OpenBSD系統(tǒng)保留使用，不能被刪除或者被變更），命令z用來(lái)清空OpenBSD的分區(qū)表，命令a用來(lái)創(chuàng)建新的OpenBSD分區(qū)。
在OpenBSD系統(tǒng)中，xx0a一定是"/"文件系統(tǒng)，xx0b一定是swap文件系統(tǒng)，xx0c一定表示整個(gè)硬盤，在這三個(gè)文件系統(tǒng)的基礎(chǔ)上，你可以進(jìn)行xx0d、xx0e...等文件系統(tǒng)的劃分。
命令“d x”表示刪除文件系統(tǒng)，其中，xx0c一定不可以被刪除，即便你執(zhí)行“d c”，也不會(huì)成功；
命令“a x”表示增加文件系統(tǒng)，其中，xx0c一定不可以被覆蓋，即便你執(zhí)行“a c”，也不會(huì)成功；
partition是分區(qū)編號(hào)，從a分區(qū)開始，c分區(qū)跳過(guò)。
offset是指每一個(gè)分區(qū)的偏移地址。
size是分區(qū)大小?？梢灾苯虞斎敕謪^(qū)的偏移地址也可以直接輸入m為單位的數(shù)值，比如我們?cè)趕ize項(xiàng)輸入200m，系統(tǒng)回應(yīng)說(shuō)這個(gè)值近似于的偏移地址為409185。
FS type是文件系統(tǒng)類型。
mount point是掛載點(diǎn)。
注意：b分區(qū)默認(rèn)是留給swap分區(qū)的，并且swap分區(qū)無(wú)需mount point。
##################################
|>; p then RETURN>;
|device: /dev/rwd0c
|type: ESDI
|disk: ESDI/IDE disk
|label: VMware Virtual I
|bytes/sector: 512
|sectors/track: 63
|tracks/cylinder: 16
|sectors/cylinder: 1008
|cylinders: 8332
|total sectors: 8388608
|free sectors: 8385867
|rpm: 3600
|
|16 partitions:
|# size offset fstype [fsize bsize cpg]
| a: 8385867 63 unused 0 0
| c: 8388608 0 unused 0 0
|>; d a then RETURN>;
|>; a a then RETURN>;
|offset: [63] RETURN>;
|size: [8385867] 128M then RETURN>;
|Rounding to nearest cylinder: 262017
|FS type: [4.2BSD] RETURN>;
|mount point: [none] / then RETURN>;
|>; a b then RETURN>;
|offset: [262080] RETURN>;
|size: [8123850] 256M then RETURN>;
|Rounding to nearest cylinder: 524160
|FS type: [swap] RETURN>;
|>; a d then RETURN>;
|offset: [786240] RETURN>;
|size: [7599690] 128M then RETURN>;
|Rounding to nearest cylinder: 262080
|FS type: [4.2BSD] RETURN>;
|mount point: [none] /tmp then RETURN>;
|>; a e then RETURN>;
|offset: [1048320] RETURN>;
|size: [7337610] 512M then RETURN>;
|Rounding to nearest cylinder: 1048320
|FS type: [4.2BSD] RETURN>;
|mount point: [none] /var then RETURN>;
|>; a f then RETURN>;
|offset: [2096640] RETURN>;
|size: [6289290] 2048M then RETURN>;
|Rounding to nearest cylinder: 4194288
|FS type: [4.2BSD] RETURN>;
|mount point: [none] /usr then RETURN>;
|>; a g then RETURN>;
|offset: [6290928] RETURN>;
|size: [2095002] RETURN>;
|FS type: [4.2BSD] RETURN>;
|mount point: [none] /home then RETURN>;
|>; p then RETURN>;
|device: /dev/rwd0c
|type: ESDI
|disk: ESDI/IDE disk
|label: VMware Virtual I
|bytes/sector: 512
|sectors/track: 63
|tracks/cylinder: 16
|sectors/cylinder: 1008
|cylinders: 8332
|total sectors: 8388608
|free sectors: 8385867
|rpm: 3600
|
|16 partitions:
|# size offset fstype [fsize bsize cpg]
| a: 262017 63 4.2BSD 2048 16384 16 # /
| b: 524160 262080 swap
| c: 8388608 0 4.2BSD 0 0
| d: 262080 786240 4.2BSD 2048 16384 16 # /tmp
| e: 1048320 1048320 4.2BSD 2048 16384 16 # /var
| f: 4194288 2096640 unused 2048 16384 16 # /usr
| g: 2095002 6290928 4.2BSD 2048 16384 16 # /home
|>; w then RETURN>;
|>; q then RETURN>;
|No label changes.
|Mount point for wd0d (size=131040k)>; (or 'none' or 'done')[/tmp] RETURN>;
|Mount point for wd0e (size=524160k)>; (or 'none' or 'done') [/var] RETURN>;
|Mount point for wd0f (size=2097144k)>; (or 'none' or 'done') [/usr] RETURN>;
|Mount point for wd0g (size=1047501k)>; (or 'none' or 'done') [/home] RETURN>;
|Mount point for wd0d (size=131040k)>; (or 'none' or 'done') [/tmp] done then RETURN>;
|No more disks to initialize.
|
|OpenBSD filesystems:
|wd0a /
|wd0d /tmp
|wd0e /var
|wd0f /usr
|wd0g /home
|
|The next step *DESTORYS* all existing data on these partitions!
|Are you reallysure that you're ready to proceed? [no] yes then RETURN>;
| ...... 創(chuàng)建磁盤過(guò)程省略 ......
1.6.網(wǎng)絡(luò)配置
|System hostname? (short form, e.g. 'foo') bsd010ids then RETURN>;
#######################
配置主機(jī)名
#######################
|Configure the network? [yes] RETURN>;
|Available interfaces are: le1 le2
|Which on do you wish to initialize? (or 'done') [le1] RETURN>;
|Symbolic (host) name for le1? [bsd010ids] RETURN>;
|IPv4 address for le1? (or 'none' or 'dhcp') 10.x.x.x then RETURN>;
|Netmask? [255.255.255.0] RETURN>;
|Available interfaces are: le2
|Which on do you wish to initialize? (or 'done') [le2] RETURN>;
|Symbolic (host) name for le1? [bsd010ids] RETURN>;
|IPv4 address for le2? (or 'none' or 'dhcp') 192.168.1.1 then RETURN>;
|Netmask? [255.255.255.0] RETURN>;
|No more interfaces to initialize.
|DNS domain name? (e.g. 'bar.com') [my.domain] mycom.com then RETURN>;
|DNS nameserver? (IP address or 'none') [none] 202.97.224.68 then RETURN>;
|Use the nameserver now? [yes] RETURN>;
|Default IPv4 route? (IPv4 address, 'dhcp' or 'none') 10.x.x.x then RETURN>;
|add net default: gateway 10.x.x.x
|Edit hostswith ed? [no] RETURN>;
|Do you want to do any manual network configuration? [no] RETURN>;
1.7.設(shè)置root口令
|Password for root account? (will not echo) enter your password then RETURN>;
|Password for root account? (again) enter your password again then RETURN>;
1.8.選擇需要安裝的系統(tǒng)文件
|You will now specify the locatiob and names of the install sets you wangt to
|load. You will be able to repeat this step until all of your sets have been
|successfully loaded. If you are not sure what sets to install, refer to the
|installatio notes for details on the contents of each.
|
|Sets can be located on a (m)ounted filesystem; a (c)drom, (d)isk or (t)ape
|device; or a (f)tp, (n)fs or (h)ttp server.
|Where are the install sets? (or 'done') c then RETURN>;
|Available CD-ROMs are cd0.
|Which one contains the install media? (or 'done') [cd0] RETURN>;
#####################################
安裝程序詢問(wèn)用哪種方式安裝，我們輸入c，從cdrom上安裝，然后選擇第一個(gè)cdrom設(shè)備cd0，回車?yán)^續(xù)。
#######################################
|
|Pathname to the sets? (or 'done') [3.6/i386] RETURN>;
|
|The following sets are available. Enter a filename, 'all' to select
|all the sets, or 'done'. You may de-select a set by prepending a '-'
|to its name.
|
| [X]bsd
| [X]bsd.rd
| [ ]bsd.mp
| [X]base36.tgz
| [X]etc36.tgz
| [X]misc36.tgz
| [X]comp36.tgz
| [X]man36.tgz
| [X]game36.tgz
| [ ]xbase36.tgz
| [ ]xetc36.tgz
| [ ]xshare36.tgz
| [ ]xfont36.tgz
| [ ]xserv36.tgz
|
|File name? (or 'done') [bsd.mp] -game36.tgz then RETURN>;
|
|The following sets are available. Enter a filename, 'all' to select
|all the sets, or 'done'. You may de-select a set by prepending a '-'
|to its name.
|
| [X]bsd
| [X]bsd.rd
| [ ]bsd.mp
| [X]base36.tgz
| [X]etc36.tgz
| [X]misc36.tgz
| [X]comp36.tgz
| [X]man36.tgz
| [ ]game36.tgz
| [ ]xbase36.tgz
| [ ]xetc36.tgz
| [ ]xshare36.tgz
| [ ]xfont36.tgz
| [ ]xserv36.tgz
|
|File name? (or 'done') [bsd.mp] done then RETURN>;
|Ready to install sets? [yes] RETURN>;
| ...... 安裝過(guò)程省略 ......
|
|Sets can be located on a (m)ounted filesystem; a (c)drom, (d)isk or (t)ape
|device; or a (f)tp, (n)fs or (h)ttp server.
|Where are the install sets? (or 'done') done then RETURN>;
這里解釋一下OpenBSD的系統(tǒng)包的安裝情況：
“x”開動(dòng)的系統(tǒng)包，是X Window使用的基本包（我不用這東西，沒(méi)裝）；
其余的包，除“bsd.mp”、“game36.tgz”外，都是系統(tǒng)必須的包，要裝；
“bsd.mp”我不知道是什么，也沒(méi)查，我感覺(jué)應(yīng)該是SMP用的，缺省就沒(méi)選，我也沒(méi)裝；
“game36.tgz”，這個(gè)我肯定是不裝。
1.9.系統(tǒng)服務(wù)配置
|Start sshd(8 ) by default? [yes] RETURN>;
|Do you expect to run the X Window System? [yes] no then RETURN>;
|Change the default console to com0? [no] RETURN>;
|Saving configuration files...done.
|Generating initial host.random file...done.
|What timezone are you in? ('?' for list) [Canada/Mountain] ? then RETURN>;
|Africa/ Chile/ GB-Eire Israel NZ-CHAT Turkey
|America/ Cuba GMT Jamaica Navajo UCT
|Antarctica/ EET GMT+0 Japan PRC US/
|Arctic/ EST GMT-0 Kwajalein PST8PDT UTC
|Asia/ EST5EDT GMT0 Libya Pacific/ Universal
|Atlantic/ Egypt Greenwich MET Poland W-SU
|Australia/ Eire HST MST Portugal WET
|Brazil/ Etc/ Hongkong MST7MDT ROC Zulu
|CET Europe/ Iceland Mexico/ ROK posix/
|CST6CDT Factory Indian/ Mideast/ Singapore posixrules
|Canada/ GB Iran NZ SystemV/ right/
|What timezone are you in? ('?' for list) [Canada/Mountain] PRC then RETURN>;
##################
此處用UTC則和你的手表時(shí)間一致，因此建議使用UTC
##多謝bluebell指出錯(cuò)誤，輸入的時(shí)候沒(méi)有注意，呵呵
#########################
|Setting local timezone to 'PRC'...done.
|Making all device nodes...done.
|Installing boot block...
|boot: /mnt/boot
|proto: /usr/mdec/biosboot
|device: /dev/rwd0c
|/usr/mdec/biosboot: entry point 0
|proto bootblock size 512
|/mnt/boot is 3 blocks x 16384 bytes
|fs block shift 2; part offset 63; inode block 120, offset 8488
|using MBR partition 3: type 166 (0xa6) offset 63 (0x3f)
|done.
|
|CONGRATULATIONS! Your OpenBSD install has been successfully completed!
|To boot the new system, enter halt at the command prompt. Once the
|system has halted, reset the machine and boot from the disk.
|# halt then RETURN>;
|syncing disks... done
|
|The operating system has halted.
|Please press any key to reboot. RETURN>;
|
|Rebooting...
至此，系統(tǒng)安裝部分完畢。
