1.背景
sysbench是一款壓力測試工具,可以測試系統(tǒng)的硬件性能,也可以用來對數(shù)據(jù)庫進(jìn)行基準(zhǔn)測試。sysbench 支持的測試有CPU運(yùn)算性能測試、內(nèi)存分配及傳輸速度測試、磁盤IO性能測試、POSIX線程性能測試、互斥性測試測試、數(shù)據(jù)庫性能測試(OLTP基準(zhǔn)測試)。目前支持的數(shù)據(jù)庫主要是MySQL數(shù)據(jù)庫和PG數(shù)據(jù)庫。
在新服務(wù)器上線時,建議對服務(wù)器的性能做一次測試,最好與既往的同類型的服務(wù)器的性能測試報表做一個橫線比較,發(fā)現(xiàn)潛在問題。及新機(jī)器上線前,對服務(wù)器做一次體檢。
對數(shù)據(jù)庫而言,我們可以通過sysbench工具實(shí)現(xiàn)對數(shù)據(jù)庫的基準(zhǔn)測試。在現(xiàn)在的系統(tǒng)架構(gòu)中,前端都比較容易彈性水平拓展,數(shù)據(jù)庫相對較難,因此,基準(zhǔn)測試對數(shù)據(jù)庫具有很重要的作用。而對數(shù)據(jù)庫的基準(zhǔn)測試的作用,就是分析在當(dāng)前的配置下(包括硬件配置、OS、數(shù)據(jù)庫設(shè)置等),數(shù)據(jù)庫的性能表現(xiàn),從而找出MySQL的性能閾值,并根據(jù)實(shí)際系統(tǒng)的要求調(diào)整配置。
2.sysbench的安裝
1)安裝命令
yum -y install sysbench
2)查看安裝的版本
sysbench --version
![](/d/20211018/408faf21ea4c8df0fce2639957d568b7.gif)
3)查看已安裝軟件的信息(主要是通 rpm 命令)。
查詢sysbench的安裝信息,主要是測試mysql時,需要使用sysbench自帶的lua腳本進(jìn)行測試。如果使用快速安裝的方式,默認(rèn)的腳本路徑為:/usr/share/sysbench
。
如果不在這個命令,我們我們執(zhí)行以下命令查看,查找已安裝在本機(jī)Linux系統(tǒng)上面的所有的sysbench軟件的程序:
rpm -qa sysbench
列出該軟件所有的文件與目錄所在完整文件名(list):
rpm -ql sysbench
![](/d/20211018/2482e95ca13dfef1ced3462e630679fe.gif)
3.sysbench 語法
sysbench --help
Usage:
sysbench [options]... [testname] [command]
Commands implemented by most tests: prepare run cleanup help
General options:
--threads=N number of threads to use [1]
--events=N limit for total number of events [0]
--time=N limit for total execution time in seconds [10]
--forced-shutdown=STRING number of seconds to wait after the --time limit before forcing shutdown, or 'off' to disable [off]
--thread-stack-size=SIZE size of stack per thread [64K]
--rate=N average transactions rate. 0 for unlimited rate [0]
--report-interval=N periodically report intermediate statistics with a specified interval in seconds. 0 disables intermediate reports [0]
--report-checkpoints=[LIST,...] dump full statistics and reset all counters at specified points in time. The argument is a list of comma-separated values representing the amount of time in seconds elapsed from start of test when report checkpoint(s) must be performed. Report checkpoints are off by default. []
--debug[=on|off] print more debugging info [off]
--validate[=on|off] perform validation checks where possible [off]
--help[=on|off] print help and exit [off]
--version[=on|off] print version and exit [off]
--config-file=FILENAME File containing command line options
--tx-rate=N deprecated alias for --rate [0]
--max-requests=N deprecated alias for --events [0]
--max-time=N deprecated alias for --time [0]
--num-threads=N deprecated alias for --threads [1]
Pseudo-Random Numbers Generator options:
--rand-type=STRING random numbers distribution {uniform,gaussian,special,pareto} [special]
--rand-spec-iter=N number of iterations used for numbers generation [12]
--rand-spec-pct=N percentage of values to be treated as 'special' (for special distribution) [1]
--rand-spec-res=N percentage of 'special' values to use (for special distribution) [75]
--rand-seed=N seed for random number generator. When 0, the current time is used as a RNG seed. [0]
--rand-pareto-h=N parameter h for pareto distribution [0.2]
Log options:
--verbosity=N verbosity level {5 - debug, 0 - only critical messages} [3]
--percentile=N percentile to calculate in latency statistics (1-100). Use the special value of 0 to disable percentile calculations [95]
--histogram[=on|off] print latency histogram in report [off]
General database options:
--db-driver=STRING specifies database driver to use ('help' to get list of available drivers) [mysql]
--db-ps-mode=STRING prepared statements usage mode {auto, disable} [auto]
--db-debug[=on|off] print database-specific debug information [off]
Compiled-in database drivers:
mysql - MySQL driver
pgsql - PostgreSQL driver
mysql options:
--mysql-host=[LIST,...] MySQL server host [localhost]
--mysql-port=[LIST,...] MySQL server port [3306]
--mysql-socket=[LIST,...] MySQL socket
--mysql-user=STRING MySQL user [sbtest]
--mysql-password=STRING MySQL password []
--mysql-db=STRING MySQL database name [sbtest]
--mysql-ssl[=on|off] use SSL connections, if available in the client library [off]
--mysql-ssl-cipher=STRING use specific cipher for SSL connections []
--mysql-compression[=on|off] use compression, if available in the client library [off]
--mysql-debug[=on|off] trace all client library calls [off]
--mysql-ignore-errors=[LIST,...] list of errors to ignore, or "all" [1213,1020,1205]
--mysql-dry-run[=on|off] Dry run, pretend that all MySQL client API calls are successful without executing them [off]
pgsql options:
--pgsql-host=STRING PostgreSQL server host [localhost]
--pgsql-port=N PostgreSQL server port [5432]
--pgsql-user=STRING PostgreSQL user [sbtest]
--pgsql-password=STRING PostgreSQL password []
--pgsql-db=STRING PostgreSQL database name [sbtest]
Compiled-in tests:
fileio - File I/O test
cpu - CPU performance test
memory - Memory functions speed test
threads - Threads subsystem performance test
mutex - Mutex performance test
基本語法如下:
sysbench [options]... [testname] [command]
command 是sysbench要執(zhí)行的命令,包括prepare、run和cleanup。prepare是為測試提前準(zhǔn)備數(shù)據(jù),run是執(zhí)行正式的測試,cleanup是在測試完成后對數(shù)據(jù)庫進(jìn)行清理
testname 指定了要進(jìn)行的測試,在老版本的sysbench中,可以通過--test參數(shù)指定測試的腳本;而在新版本中,--test參數(shù)已經(jīng)聲明為廢棄,可以不使用--test,而是直接指定腳本。測試時使用的腳本為lua腳本,可以使用sysbench自帶腳本,也可以自己開發(fā)。
options 關(guān)于MySQL的主要包括MySQL 連接信息參數(shù) 和 MySQL 執(zhí)行相關(guān)的參數(shù)。
4 測試
Step 1 準(zhǔn)備壓測數(shù)據(jù)
![](/d/20211018/0dd0c17108fda4dd347a6d0b6e3ee853.gif)
sysbench /usr/share/sysbench/oltp_insert.lua --mysql-host=XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX --mysql-port=3306 --mysql-user=testsbuser --mysql-password='textpwd' --mysql-db=tssysbench --db-driver=mysql --tables=15 --table-size=500000 --report-interval=10 --threads=128 --time=120 prepare
step 2 壓測
sysbench /usr/share/sysbench/oltp_insert.lua --mysql-host=XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX --mysql-port=3306 --mysql-user=testsbuser --mysql-password='textpwd' --mysql-db=tssysbench --db-driver=mysql --tables=15 --table-size=500000 --report-interval=10 --threads=128 --time=120 run
也可以將測試結(jié)果導(dǎo)出到文件中,便于后續(xù)分析。
sysbench /usr/share/sysbench/oltp_insert.lua --mysql-host=XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX --mysql-port=3306 --mysql-user=testsbuser --mysql-password='testpwd' --mysql-db=tssysbench --db-driver=mysql --tables=15 --table-size=500000 --report-interval=10 --threads=128 --time=120 run >> ./mysysbench.log
![](/d/20211018/bb2dbb3e330e1879b7c42b243336d760.gif)
step 3 清理壓測數(shù)據(jù)
sysbench /usr/share/sysbench/oltp_insert.lua --mysql-host=XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX --mysql-port=3306 --mysql-user=testsbuser --mysql-password='testpwd' --mysql-db=tssysbench --db-driver=mysql --tables=15 --table-size=500000 --report-interval=10 --threads=128 --time=120 cleanup
![](/d/20211018/0bd0c675bfb9eb30eb11a4a6539472e9.gif)
5.注意事項(xiàng)
(1) 測試數(shù)據(jù)庫需要提前創(chuàng)建,及時測試賬號擁有創(chuàng)建數(shù)據(jù)庫的權(quán)限。
--mysql-db 參數(shù)指定了測試的數(shù)據(jù),默認(rèn)是sbtest。
不提前創(chuàng)建,報錯信息如下;
FATAL: `sysbench.cmdline.call_command' function failed: /usr/share/sysbench/oltp_common.lua:83: connection creation failed
(last message repeated 3 times)
FATAL: error 1049: Unknown database 'sysbench_db'
FATAL: `sysbench.cmdline.call_command' function failed: /usr/share/sysbench/oltp_common.lua:83: connection creation failed
FATAL: unable to connect to MySQL server on host 'XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX', port 3306, aborting...
(last message repeated 1 times)
FATAL: error 1049: Unknown database 'sysbench_db'
(last message repeated 1 times)
或是(不指定數(shù)據(jù)庫)
FATAL: `sysbench.cmdline.call_command' function failed: /usr/share/sysbench/oltp_common.lua:83: connection creation failed
FATAL: error 1049: Unknown database 'sbtest'
FATAL: unable to connect to MySQL server on host 'XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX', port 3306, aborting...
(2)不要在MySQL服務(wù)器運(yùn)行的機(jī)器上進(jìn)行測試,一方面可能無法體現(xiàn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)(哪怕是局域網(wǎng))的影響,另一方面,sysbench的運(yùn)行(尤其是設(shè)置的并發(fā)數(shù)較高時)會影響MySQL服務(wù)器的表現(xiàn).
(3)逐步增加客戶端的并發(fā)連接數(shù)(--thread參數(shù)),觀察在連接數(shù)不同情況下,MySQL服務(wù)器的表現(xiàn)。
(4)如果連續(xù)進(jìn)行多次測試,注意確保之前測試的數(shù)據(jù)已經(jīng)被清理干凈。
(5)如果生成的報告,圖形化分析,可以通過gnuplot工具進(jìn)行分析。
總結(jié)
以上所述是小編給大家介紹的通過sysbench工具實(shí)現(xiàn)MySQL數(shù)據(jù)庫的性能測試的方法,希望對大家有所幫助,如果大家有任何疑問請給我留言,小編會及時回復(fù)大家的。在此也非常感謝大家對腳本之家網(wǎng)站的支持!
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