class HandleExceptions
{
 public function bootstrap(Application $app)
 {
  $this->app = $app;

  error_reporting(-1);

  set_error_handler([$this, 'handleError']);

  set_exception_handler([$this, 'handleException']);

  register_shutdown_function([$this, 'handleShutdown']);

  if (! $app->environment('testing')) {
   ini_set('display_errors', 'Off');
  }
 }
 
 
 public function handleError($level, $message, $file = '', $line = 0, $context = [])
 {
  if (error_reporting()  $level) {
   throw new ErrorException($message, 0, $level, $file, $line);
  }
 }
}

public function handleException($e)
{
 if (! $e instanceof Exception) {
  $e = new FatalThrowableError($e);
 }

 $this->getExceptionHandler()->report($e);

 if ($this->app->runningInConsole()) {
  $this->renderForConsole($e);
 } else {
  $this->renderHttpResponse($e);
 }
}

protected function getExceptionHandler()
{
 return $this->app->make(ExceptionHandler::class);
}

// 渲染CLI請(qǐng)求的異常響應(yīng)
protected function renderForConsole(Exception $e)
{
 $this->getExceptionHandler()->renderForConsole(new ConsoleOutput, $e);
}

// 渲染HTTP請(qǐng)求的異常響應(yīng)
protected function renderHttpResponse(Exception $e)
{
 $this->getExceptionHandler()->render($this->app['request'], $e)->send();
}

// bootstrap/app.php

/*
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Create The Application
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
*/

$app = new Illuminate\Foundation\Application(
 realpath(__DIR__.'/../')
);

/*
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Bind Important Interfaces
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
*/
......

$app->singleton(
 Illuminate\Contracts\Debug\ExceptionHandler::class,
 App\Exceptions\Handler::class
);

/**
 * Convert PHP errors to ErrorException instances.
 *
 * @param int $level
 * @param string $message
 * @param string $file
 * @param int $line
 * @param array $context
 * @return void
 *
 * @throws \ErrorException
 */
public function handleError($level, $message, $file = '', $line = 0, $context = [])
{
 if (error_reporting()  $level) {
  throw new ErrorException($message, 0, $level, $file, $line);
 }
}

public function report(Exception $exception)
{
 if (app()->bound('sentry')  $this->shouldReport($exception)) {
  app('sentry')->captureException($exception);
 }

 parent::report($exception);
}

public function render($request, Exception $exception)
{
 //如果客戶(hù)端預(yù)期的是JSON響應(yīng), 在API請(qǐng)求未通過(guò)Validator驗(yàn)證拋出ValidationException后
 //這里來(lái)定制返回給客戶(hù)端的響應(yīng).
 if ($exception instanceof ValidationException  $request->expectsJson()) {
  return $this->error(422, $exception->errors());
 }

 if ($exception instanceof ModelNotFoundException  $request->expectsJson()) {
  //捕獲路由模型綁定在數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)中找不到模型后拋出的NotFoundHttpException
  return $this->error(424, 'resource not found.');
 }


 if ($exception instanceof AuthorizationException) {
  //捕獲不符合權(quán)限時(shí)拋出的 AuthorizationException
  return $this->error(403, "Permission does not exist.");
 }

 return parent::render($request, $exception);
}

namespace App\Exceptions\;

use RuntimeException;
use Throwable;

class UserManageException extends RuntimeException
{
 /**
  * The primitive arguments that triggered this exception
  *
  * @var array
  */
 public $primitives;
 /**
  * QueueManageException constructor.
  * @param array $primitives
  * @param string $message
  * @param int $code
  * @param Throwable|null $previous
  */
 public function __construct(array $primitives, $message = "", $code = 0, Throwable $previous = null)
 {
  parent::__construct($message, $code, $previous);
  $this->primitives = $primitives;
 }

 /**
  * get the primitive arguments that triggered this exception
  */
 public function getPrimitives()
 {
  return $this->primitives;
 }
}

class UserRepository
{
 
 public function updateUserFavorites(User $user, $favoriteData)
 {
  ......
  if (!$executionOne) {
   throw new UserManageException(func_get_args(), 'Update user favorites error', '501');
  }
  
  ......
  if (!$executionTwo) {
   throw new UserManageException(func_get_args(), 'Another Error', '502');
  }
  
  return true;
 }
}

class UserController extends ...
{
 public function updateFavorites(User $user, Request $request)
 {
  .......
  $favoriteData = $request->input('favorites');
  try {
   $this->userRepo->updateUserFavorites($user, $favoritesData);
  } catch (UserManageException $ex) {
   .......
  }
 }
}

public function updateUserFavorites(User $user, $favoriteData)
{
 try {
  // database execution
  
  // database execution
 } catch (QueryException $queryException) {
  throw new UserManageException(func_get_args(), 'Error Message', '501' , $queryException);
 }

 return true;
}

while($e instanceof \Exception) {
 echo $e->getMessage();
 $e = $e->getPrevious();
}