濮阳杆衣贸易有限公司

主頁(yè) > 知識(shí)庫(kù) > PHP設(shè)計(jì)模式入門之狀態(tài)模式原理與實(shí)現(xiàn)方法分析

PHP設(shè)計(jì)模式入門之狀態(tài)模式原理與實(shí)現(xiàn)方法分析
熱門標(biāo)簽：嘟嘟云外呼系統(tǒng) 南寧電話外呼系統(tǒng)線路 南京3D地圖標(biāo)注 邢臺(tái)400電話辦理 正規(guī)電銷機(jī)器人系統(tǒng) 重慶外呼電銷系統(tǒng)多少錢 辦理400電話哪家好點(diǎn) 濟(jì)源百應(yīng)電銷機(jī)器人聯(lián)系方式 咸陽(yáng)電銷

本文實(shí)例講述了PHP設(shè)計(jì)模式入門之狀態(tài)模式原理與實(shí)現(xiàn)方法。分享給大家供大家參考，具體如下：

想必大家都用過(guò)自動(dòng)售賣的自動(dòng)飲料機(jī)吧，塞入硬幣或紙幣，選擇想要的飲料，飲料就會(huì)在機(jī)器的下方滾出。大家有沒(méi)有相關(guān)如果用程序去寫一個(gè)飲料機(jī)要怎么樣實(shí)現(xiàn)呢？

首先我們可以分享一下這部飲料機(jī)有幾種狀態(tài)

一、沒(méi)有錢的狀態(tài)

二、有錢的狀態(tài)

三、售出的狀態(tài)

四、銷售一空的狀態(tài)

好吧，知道了這些狀態(tài)之后我們開(kāi)始寫代碼了！

JuiceMachine.php

?php
/**
 * 飲料機(jī)
 * @author ben
 *
 */
class JuiceMachine{
 /**
 * 糖果機(jī)一共存在四種狀態(tài)：沒(méi)錢，有錢，成功售出以及銷售一空
 * 
 * 沒(méi)錢的狀態(tài)
 * @var INT
 */
 const NOMONEY = 0;
 
 /**
 * 有錢的狀態(tài)
 * @var INT
 */
 const HASMONEY = 1;
 
 /**
 * 成功售出的狀態(tài)
 * @var INT
 */
 const SOLD = 2;
 
 /**
 * 銷售一空的狀態(tài)
 * @var INT
 */
 const SOLDOUT = 3;
 
 /**
 * 記錄糖果機(jī)當(dāng)前的狀態(tài)，初始化狀態(tài)為售空
 * @var INT
 */
 private $_state = JuiceMachine::SOLDOUT;
 
 /**
 * 該變量用于記錄飲料機(jī)中飲料的數(shù)量
 */
 private $_count; 
 
 /**
 * 構(gòu)造方法，最主要是用來(lái)初始化count和state屬性的
 */
 public function __construct($count){
   $this->_count = $count;
   //當(dāng)飲料機(jī)中的飲料數(shù)量大于零時(shí)，將飲料機(jī)的狀態(tài)重置為沒(méi)有錢的狀態(tài)。
   if($this->_count > 0){
     $this->_state = JuiceMachine::NOMONEY;
   }
 }
 
 /**
 * 投入硬幣
 */
 public function insertCoin(){
   if($this->_state == JuiceMachine::HASMONEY ){
     echo "you can't insert another coin!br />";
   }elseif($this->_state == JuiceMachine::NOMONEY){
     echo "you just insert a coinbr />";
     $this->_state = JuiceMachine::HASMONEY;
   }elseif($this->_state == JuiceMachine::SOLD){
     echo "wait a minute, we are giving you a bottle of juicebr />";
   }elseif($this->_state == JuiceMachine::SOLDOUT){
     echo "you can't insert coin, the machine is already soldoutbr />";
   }
 }
 
 /**
 * 退回硬幣
 */
 public function retreatCoin(){
   if($this->_state == JuiceMachine::HASMONEY ){
     echo "coin return!br />";
     $this->_state = JuiceMachine::NOMONEY;
   }elseif($this->_state == JuiceMachine::NOMONEY){
     echo "you have'nt inserted a coin yetbr />";
   }elseif($this->_state == JuiceMachine::SOLD){
     echo "sorry, you already clicked the bottonbr />";
   }elseif($this->_state == JuiceMachine::SOLDOUT){
     echo "you have'nt inserted a coin yetbr />";
   }
 }
 
 /**
 * 點(diǎn)擊飲料對(duì)應(yīng)的按鈕
 */
 public function clickButton(){
   if($this->_state == JuiceMachine::HASMONEY ){
     echo "you clicked, we are giving you a bottle of juice...br />";
     $this->_state = JuiceMachine::SOLD;  //改變飲料機(jī)的狀態(tài)為售出模式
     $this->dispend();
   }elseif($this->_state == JuiceMachine::NOMONEY){
     echo "you clicked,but you hav'nt inserted a coin yetbr />";
   }elseif($this->_state == JuiceMachine::SOLD){
     echo "click twice does'nt get you two bottle of juicebr />";
   }elseif($this->_state == JuiceMachine::SOLDOUT){
     echo "you clicked, but the machine is already soldoutbr />";
   }
 }
 
 /**
 * 發(fā)放飲料
 */
 public function dispend(){
   if($this->_state == JuiceMachine::HASMONEY ){
     echo "please click the button firstbr />";
   }elseif($this->_state == JuiceMachine::NOMONEY){
     echo "you need to pay firstbr />";
   }elseif($this->_state == JuiceMachine::SOLD){
     echo "now you get you juicebr />";
     //飲料機(jī)中的飲料數(shù)量減一
     $this->_count--;
     if($this->_count = 0){
       echo "opps, runing out of juicebr />";
       //如果這時(shí)飲料機(jī)中沒(méi)有飲料了，將飲料機(jī)的狀態(tài)重置為銷售一空
       $this->_state = JuiceMachine::SOLDOUT;
     }else{
       //將飲料機(jī)的狀態(tài)重置為沒(méi)有錢
       $this->_state = JuiceMachine::NOMONEY;
     }
   }elseif($this->_state == JuiceMachine::SOLDOUT){
     //其實(shí)這種情況不應(yīng)該出現(xiàn)
     echo "opps, it appears that we don't have any juice leftbr />";
   }
 }
}

index.php

?php
require_once 'JuiceMachine.php';
 
$juiceMachine = new JuiceMachine(1);
 
$juiceMachine->insertCoin();
$juiceMachine->clickButton();

運(yùn)行的結(jié)果是：

you just insert a coin
you clicked, we are giving you a bottle of juice...
now you get you juice
opps, runing out of juice

到目前為止我們的程序運(yùn)行良好，沒(méi)有出現(xiàn)什么問(wèn)題，但是從這些多重的if判斷中你是否嗅到了壞代碼的味道呢？有一天問(wèn)題終于出現(xiàn)了，老板希望當(dāng)用戶點(diǎn)擊按鈕時(shí)有10%的概率拿到兩瓶飲料，我們需要為飲料機(jī)多加一個(gè)狀態(tài)，這時(shí)去修改代碼就成為了一種災(zāi)難，而且很可能會(huì)影響到之前的代碼，帶來(lái)新的bug，看看狀態(tài)模式如何幫助我們度過(guò)難關(guān)吧！

狀態(tài)模式的官方定義是：狀態(tài)模式允許對(duì)象在內(nèi)部狀態(tài)改變是改變它的行為，對(duì)象看起來(lái)好像是修改了它的類

用uml類圖表示如下：

在我們這個(gè)項(xiàng)目中的實(shí)際類圖如下：

具體實(shí)現(xiàn)代碼：

State.php

?php
interface State{
  
  /**
   * 插入硬幣
   */
  public function insertCoin();
  
  /**
   * 回退硬幣
   */
  public function retreatCoin();
  
  /**
   * 點(diǎn)擊按鈕
   */
  public function clickButton();
  
  /**
   * 發(fā)放飲料
   */
  public function dispend();
}

NomoneyState.php

?php
require_once 'State.php';
class NomoneyState implements State{
  
  /**
   * 飲料機(jī)的實(shí)例
   * 
   * @var object
   */
  private $_juiceMachine;
  
  /**
   * 構(gòu)造方法，主要用于初始化飲料機(jī)實(shí)例
   * 
   */
  public function __construct($juiceMachine){
    $this->_juiceMachine = $juiceMachine;
  }
  
 /* (non-PHPdoc)
   * @see State::insertCoin()
   */
  public function insertCoin()
  {
    // TODO Auto-generated method stub
    echo "you just insert a coinbr />";
    //將飲料機(jī)的狀態(tài)切換成有錢的狀態(tài)
    $this->_juiceMachine->setState($this->_juiceMachine->getHasmoneyState());
  }
 
 /* (non-PHPdoc)
   * @see State::retreatCoin()
   */
  public function retreatCoin()
  {
    // TODO Auto-generated method stub
    echo "you have'nt inserted a coin yetbr />";
  }
 
 /* (non-PHPdoc)
   * @see State::clickButton()
   */
  public function clickButton()
  {
    // TODO Auto-generated method stub
    echo "you clicked,but you hav'nt inserted a coin yetbr />";
  }
 
 /* (non-PHPdoc)
   * @see State::dispend()
   */
  public function dispend()
  {
    // TODO Auto-generated method stub
    echo "you need to pay firstbr />";
  }
}

HasmoneyState.php

?php
require_once 'State.php';
 
class HasmoneyState implements State
{
 
  /**
   * 飲料機(jī)的實(shí)例
   *
   * @var object
   */
  private $_juiceMachine;
 
  /**
   * 構(gòu)造方法，主要用于初始化飲料機(jī)實(shí)例
   */
  public function __construct($juiceMachine)
  {
    $this->_juiceMachine = $juiceMachine;
  }
  
  /*
   * (non-PHPdoc) @see State::insertCoin()
   */
  public function insertCoin()
  {
    // TODO Auto-generated method stub
    echo "you can't insert another coin!br />";
  }
  
  /*
   * (non-PHPdoc) @see State::retreatCoin()
   */
  public function retreatCoin()
  {
    // TODO Auto-generated method stub
    echo "coin return!br />";
    $this->_juiceMachine->setState($this->_juiceMachine->getNomoneyState());
  }
  
  /*
   * (non-PHPdoc) @see State::clickButton()
   */
  public function clickButton()
  {
    // TODO Auto-generated method stub
    echo "you clicked, we are giving you a bottle of juice...br />";
    // 改變飲料機(jī)的狀態(tài)為售出模式
    $rand = mt_rand(0, 0);
    // 當(dāng)隨機(jī)數(shù)為0（即1/10的概率）并且飲料機(jī)中還有1瓶以上的飲料時(shí)
    if ($rand == 0  $this->_juiceMachine->getCount() > 1) {
      $this->_juiceMachine->setState($this->_juiceMachine->getWinnerState());
    } else {
      $this->_juiceMachine->setState($this->_juiceMachine->getSoldState());
    }
  }
  
  /*
   * (non-PHPdoc) @see State::dispend()
   */
  public function dispend()
  {
    // TODO Auto-generated method stub
    echo "please click the button firstbr />";
  }
}

SoldoutState.php

?php
require_once 'State.php';
class SoldoutState implements State{
  
  /**
   * 飲料機(jī)的實(shí)例
   *
   * @var object
   */
  private $_juiceMachine;
  
  /**
   * 構(gòu)造方法，主要用于初始化飲料機(jī)實(shí)例
   *
   */
  public function __construct($juiceMachine){
    $this->_juiceMachine = $juiceMachine;
  }
  
 /* (non-PHPdoc)
   * @see State::insertCoin()
   */
  public function insertCoin()
  {
    // TODO Auto-generated method stub
    echo "you can't insert coin, the machine is already soldoutbr />";
  }
 
 /* (non-PHPdoc)
   * @see State::retreatCoin()
   */
  public function retreatCoin()
  {
    // TODO Auto-generated method stub
    echo "you have'nt inserted a coin yetbr />";
  }
 
 /* (non-PHPdoc)
   * @see State::clickButton()
   */
  public function clickButton()
  {
    // TODO Auto-generated method stub
    echo "you clicked, but the machine is already soldoutbr />";
  }
 
 /* (non-PHPdoc)
   * @see State::dispend()
   */
  public function dispend()
  {
    // TODO Auto-generated method stub
    echo "opps, it appears that we don't have any juice leftbr />";
  }
}

SoldState.php

?php
require_once 'State.php';
class SoldState implements State{
  
  /**
   * 飲料機(jī)的實(shí)例
   *
   * @var object
   */
  private $_juiceMachine;
  
  /**
   * 構(gòu)造方法，主要用于初始化飲料機(jī)實(shí)例
   *
   */
  public function __construct($juiceMachine){
    $this->_juiceMachine = $juiceMachine;
  }
  
 /* (non-PHPdoc)
   * @see State::insertCoin()
   */
  public function insertCoin()
  {
    // TODO Auto-generated method stub
    echo "wait a minute, we are giving you a bottle of juicebr />";
  }
 
 /* (non-PHPdoc)
   * @see State::retreatCoin()
   */
  public function retreatCoin()
  {
    // TODO Auto-generated method stub
    echo "sorry, you already clicked the bottonbr />";
  }
 
 /* (non-PHPdoc)
   * @see State::clickButton()
   */
  public function clickButton()
  {
    // TODO Auto-generated method stub
    echo "click twice does'nt get you two bottle of juicebr />";
  }
 
 /* (non-PHPdoc)
   * @see State::dispend()
   */
  public function dispend()
  {
    $this->_juiceMachine->decJuice();
    if($this->_juiceMachine->getCount() = 0){
      echo "opps, runing out of juicebr />";
      //如果這時(shí)飲料機(jī)中沒(méi)有飲料了，將飲料機(jī)的狀態(tài)重置為銷售一空
       $this->_juiceMachine->setState($this->_juiceMachine->getSoldoutState());
    }else{
      //將飲料機(jī)的狀態(tài)重置為沒(méi)有錢
       $this->_juiceMachine->setState($this->_juiceMachine->getNomoneyState());
    }
  }
  
}

WinnerState.php

?php
require_once 'State.php';
 
class WinnerState implements State
{
 
  /**
   * 飲料機(jī)的實(shí)例
   *
   * @var object
   */
  private $_juiceMachine;
 
  /**
   * 構(gòu)造方法，主要用于初始化飲料機(jī)實(shí)例
   */
  public function __construct($juiceMachine)
  {
    $this->_juiceMachine = $juiceMachine;
  }
  
  /*
   * (non-PHPdoc) @see State::insertCoin()
   */
  public function insertCoin()
  {
    // TODO Auto-generated method stub
    echo "wait a minute, we are giving you a bottle of juicebr />";
  }
  
  /*
   * (non-PHPdoc) @see State::retreatCoin()
   */
  public function retreatCoin()
  {
    // TODO Auto-generated method stub
    echo "sorry, you already clicked the bottonbr />";
  }
  
  /*
   * (non-PHPdoc) @see State::clickButton()
   */
  public function clickButton()
  {
    // TODO Auto-generated method stub
    echo "click twice does'nt get you two bottle of juicebr />";
  }
  
  /*
   * (non-PHPdoc) @see State::dispend()
   */
  public function dispend()
  {
    echo "you are a winner! you get two bottle of juice!br />";
    $this->_juiceMachine->decJuice();
    if ($this->_juiceMachine->getCount() > 0) {
      $this->_juiceMachine->decJuice();
      if ($this->_juiceMachine->getCount() = 0) {
        echo "opps, runing out of juicebr />";
        // 如果這時(shí)飲料機(jī)中沒(méi)有飲料了，將飲料機(jī)的狀態(tài)重置為銷售一空
        $this->_juiceMachine->setState($this->_juiceMachine->getSoldoutState());
      } else {
        // 將飲料機(jī)的狀態(tài)重置為沒(méi)有錢
        $this->_juiceMachine->setState($this->_juiceMachine->getSoldoutState());
      }
    } else {
      echo "opps, runing out of juicebr />";
      // 如果這時(shí)飲料機(jī)中沒(méi)有飲料了，將飲料機(jī)的狀態(tài)重置為銷售一空
      $this->_juiceMachine->setState($this->_juiceMachine->getSoldoutState());
    }
  }
}

JuiceMachine.php

?php
require_once './state/NomoneyState.php';
require_once './state/HasmoneyState.php';
require_once './state/SoldState.php';
require_once './state/SoldoutState.php';
require_once './state/WinnerState.php';
 
class JuiceMachine
{
 
  /**
   * 記錄糖果機(jī)當(dāng)前的狀態(tài)，初始化狀態(tài)為售空
   * 
   * @var object
   */
  private $_state;
 
  /**
   * 該變量用于記錄飲料機(jī)中飲料的數(shù)量
   */
  private $_count;
 
  /**
   * 構(gòu)造方法，最主要是用來(lái)初始化count和state屬性的
   */
  public function __construct($count)
  {
    $this->_state = new SoldoutState($this);
    $this->_count = $count;
    // 當(dāng)飲料機(jī)中的飲料數(shù)量大于零時(shí)，將飲料機(jī)的狀態(tài)重置為沒(méi)有錢的狀態(tài)。
    if ($this->_count > 0) {
      $this->_state = new NomoneyState($this);
    }
  }
  
  /*
   * (non-PHPdoc) @see State::insertCoin()
   */
  public function insertCoin()
  {
    // TODO Auto-generated method stub
    $this->_state->insertCoin();
  }
  
  /*
   * (non-PHPdoc) @see State::retreatCoin()
   */
  public function retreatCoin()
  {
    // TODO Auto-generated method stub
    $this->_state->retreatCoin();
  }
  
  /*
   * (non-PHPdoc) @see State::clickButton()
   */
  public function clickButton()
  {
    $this->_state->clickButton();
    //其實(shí)發(fā)放糖果是在用戶點(diǎn)擊完按鈕后機(jī)器內(nèi)部進(jìn)行的所有沒(méi)有必要再寫一個(gè)dispend方法
    $this->_state->dispend();
  }
  
  /**
   * 設(shè)置糖果機(jī)的狀態(tài)
   * 
   * @param State $state
   */
  public function setState(State $state)
  {
    $this->_state = $state;
  }
  
  /**
   * 獲取沒(méi)有錢的狀態(tài)
   */
  public function getNomoneyState(){
    return new NomoneyState($this);
  }
  
  /**
   * 獲取有錢的狀態(tài)
   */
  public function getHasmoneyState(){
    return new HasmoneyState($this);
  }
  
  /**
   * 獲取售出的狀態(tài)
   */
  public function getSoldState(){
    return new SoldState($this);
  }
  
  /**
   * 獲取銷售一空的狀態(tài)
   */
  public function getSoldoutState(){
    return new SoldoutState($this);
  }
  
  /**
   * 獲取幸運(yùn)者的狀態(tài)
   */
  public function getWinnerState(){
    return new WinnerState($this);
  }
  
  /**
   * 獲取飲料機(jī)中飲料的數(shù)量
   */
  public function getCount(){
    return $this->_count;
  }
  
  /**
   * 將飲料數(shù)量減一
   */
  public function decJuice(){
    echo "now you get you juicebr />";
    //飲料機(jī)中的飲料數(shù)量減一
    $this->_count--;
  }
  
}

index.php

?php
require_once 'JuiceMachine.php';
 
$juiceMachine = new JuiceMachine(2);
 
$juiceMachine->insertCoin();
$juiceMachine->clickButton();

更多關(guān)于PHP相關(guān)內(nèi)容感興趣的讀者可查看本站專題：《php面向?qū)ο蟪绦蛟O(shè)計(jì)入門教程》、《PHP數(shù)組(Array)操作技巧大全》、《PHP基本語(yǔ)法入門教程》、《PHP運(yùn)算與運(yùn)算符用法總結(jié)》、《php字符串(string)用法總結(jié)》、《php+mysql數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)操作入門教程》及《php常見(jiàn)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)操作技巧匯總》

希望本文所述對(duì)大家PHP程序設(shè)計(jì)有所幫助。

您可能感興趣的文章:
  • PHP設(shè)計(jì)模式之原型模式示例詳解
  • PHP設(shè)計(jì)模式之命令模式示例詳解
  • PHP設(shè)計(jì)模式（四）原型模式Prototype實(shí)例詳解【創(chuàng)建型】
  • PHP設(shè)計(jì)模式（三）建造者模式Builder實(shí)例詳解【創(chuàng)建型】
  • PHP設(shè)計(jì)模式（一）工廠模式Factory實(shí)例詳解【創(chuàng)建型】
  • PHP設(shè)計(jì)模式概論【概念、分類、原則等】
  • PHP設(shè)計(jì)模式之 策略模式Strategy詳解【對(duì)象行為型】
  • PHP設(shè)計(jì)模式入門之迭代器模式原理與實(shí)現(xiàn)方法分析
  • PHP設(shè)計(jì)模式之迭代器模式Iterator實(shí)例分析【對(duì)象行為型】
  • php設(shè)計(jì)模式之適配器模式實(shí)例分析【星際爭(zhēng)霸游戲案例】
  • php設(shè)計(jì)模式之迭代器模式實(shí)例分析【星際爭(zhēng)霸游戲案例】
  • 詳解PHP八大設(shè)計(jì)模式

標(biāo)簽：武漢 通遼 黃山 平頂山 南通 河南 唐山 隴南

巨人網(wǎng)絡(luò)通訊聲明：本文標(biāo)題《PHP設(shè)計(jì)模式入門之狀態(tài)模式原理與實(shí)現(xiàn)方法分析》，本文關(guān)鍵詞  PHP,設(shè)計(jì)模式,入門,之,狀態(tài),；如發(fā)現(xiàn)本文內(nèi)容存在版權(quán)問(wèn)題，煩請(qǐng)?zhí)峁┫嚓P(guān)信息告之我們，我們將及時(shí)溝通與處理。本站內(nèi)容系統(tǒng)采集于網(wǎng)絡(luò)，涉及言論、版權(quán)與本站無(wú)關(guān)。
  • 相關(guān)文章
  • 下面列出與本文章《PHP設(shè)計(jì)模式入門之狀態(tài)模式原理與實(shí)現(xiàn)方法分析》相關(guān)的同類信息！
  • 本頁(yè)收集關(guān)于PHP設(shè)計(jì)模式入門之狀態(tài)模式原理與實(shí)現(xiàn)方法分析的相關(guān)信息資訊供網(wǎng)民參考！
    • 推薦文章
    金昌市| 汉寿县| 三都| 津南区| 灵石县| 海淀区| 清镇市| 花垣县| 建宁县| 军事| 惠安县| 黄骅市| 海城市| 洱源县| 泸溪县| 思茅市| 鸡东县| 巫山县| 怀仁县| 南投县| 新乡市| 吴川市| 四会市| 克拉玛依市| 子长县| 库车县| 嘉义市| 广宗县| 澎湖县| 贵阳市| 中方县| 海丰县| 阳春市| 明溪县| 吴堡县| 太康县| 怀柔区| 博白县| 绥江县| 阿荣旗| 玛沁县|